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Corruption is rife in Papua New Guinea (PNG). According to ''The Economist'', “PNG's governments are notorious for corruption, and ever run the risk of turning the state into a fully-fledged kleptocracy”. The 2012 Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index rated Papua New Guinea 2.5 on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 10 (very clean). This ranked it 150th out of 176 countries, tied with Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, and Paraguay, where the lower the ranking indicates higher levels of corruption. Papua New Guinea is below the satisfactory levels set by the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), according to a report submitted by Transparency International Papua New Guinea (TIPNG) in 2011. TIPNG’s report found that in many cases, anti-corruption bodies in PNG were restricted by shortcomings in financial resources. ==Political and commercial corruption== Political corruption in Papua New Guinea is largely enforced by political nepotism and the patronage system of governance. Elected leaders are inclined to seize and distribute resources amongst their electorates in order to secure and maintain popular support. This system of governance is embedded in Melanesian traditions, where the credibility and popularity of a leader amongst his electorate is defined, in part, by the wealth he is able to distribute and the power he is able to wield. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Corruption in Papua New Guinea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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